Research of high glucose on the injury of dorsal root ganglion cells / 国际外科学杂志

Diabetic bladder dysfunction is one of the most common complications of urinary tract in diabetes. It is believed that the disorders of glucose metabolism, local tissue ischemia, superoxide-induced free radical production and axonal transport disorder are all involved in the development of diabetic bladder nerve dysfunction. Oxidative stress is believed to be the core mechanism of the above mentioned etiology. It may affect the transcription and translation process in the nucleus by interfering with the balance of intracellular oxidation and antioxidant, metabolism of neurotrophic factors and cellular signal transduction pathways, resulting in dysfunction of several important cellular pathways and decreased membrane stability. And eventually lead to nerve cell apoptosis. Therefore, controlling blood glucose, improving the microenvironment around dorsal root neurons, and protecting the stability of mitochondrial membrane may be potential methods for the treatment of diabetic bladder nerve dysfunction.

Progress in dose algorithm research for proton therapy planning system / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Proton therapy can deliver highly conformal dose distribution to the targeted organs or tissues while minimizing radiation exposure to surrounding normal tissues. These characteristics of proton therapy have great significance for reducing patients′ radiation injuries. Proton therapy has to be performed based on accurate calculation of the dose distributions inside the patients′ body and the proton treatment planning system is thus an indispensable part of proton therapy. The paper intends to provide a review on recent progress in dose algorithm research for proton therapy planning system.

Urodynamics in diabetic patients complicated with benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华全科医师杂志

The clinical and urodynamic data of 37 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 30 diabetic patients complicated with BPH (BPH+DM) admitted between Jan 2014 and July 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximal flow rate (Qmax), post-voiding residual urine volume (PVR), maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), first desire to void (FDV), pressure of detrusor maximum (Pdet, max), bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI), bladder contraction index (BCI) were compared between BPH group and BPH+DM group. According to BOOI-BCI linear regression, 22 cases (group A) and 15 cases (group B) of BPH patients were above and below the linear curve; while there were 14 cases (group C) and 16 cases(group D)of BPH+DM patients above and below the curve, respectively. The mean±SD FDV, MCC, Pdet, max, PVR, BOOI, BCI were (172.7±93.0)ml vs. (300.5±118.4)ml (P<0.05), (311.9±147.1)ml vs. (509.3±98.6)ml (P<0.05), (84.7±51.5)cmH2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) vs. (49.7± 32.9)cmH2O vs (P<0.05), 10.0 ml(0—200 ml) vs. 41.5 ml(0—450 ml), 69.7 ± 53.7 vs. 35.9 ± 32.3 (P<0.05), 122.3±50.2 vs 84.2±43.3 (P<0.05) in BPH and BPH+DM groups, respectively. In BPH group and BPH+DM group, the regression coefficients of BOOI-BCI were 0.889 and 0.724, respectively. In group A and group B, the difference value of IPSS and Qmax pre and post operation were 7.6±3.5 and 7.3±4.1 (P>0.05), (2.6±1.1)ml/s and (3.7±1.3) ml/s (P<0.05), respectively. In group C and group D, the difference value of IPSS and Qmax pre and post operation were 5.3 ± 2.4 and 6.0 ± 3.3 (P>0.05), (2.4 ± 1.0)ml/s and (3.8 ± 1.4)ml/s (P<0.05), respectively. The study indicates that the therapeutic effect is better for the patients blow BOOI-BCI regression linear curve compared to the patients above the linear curve.

Effect of laparoscopic colectomy on exfoliated cancer cells in peritoneal cavity and prognosis for patients with colon cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of laparoscopic colectomy on the exfoliated cancer cells in peritoneal cavity, recurrence and metastasis of patients with colonic carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and fifty-nine patients with colonic cancer proven by colonoscopy and pathology were divided into two groups based on patient's preference: laparoscopic group (n=74) and open group (n=85). The positive rate of exfoliated cancer cells in peritoneal cavity was compared by cytological detection before and after cancer resection. Recurrence, metastasis rate and 3-year survival were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates of exfoliated cancer cells in peritoneal cavity were 12.2% (9/74) in the laparoscopic group and 15.3% (13/85) in the open group before cancer resection without significant difference (P=0.718); 20.3% (15/74) and 30.6% (26/85) after cancer resection without significant difference (P=0.138). The follow-up ranged from 4 to 45 months. The 3-year local recurrence rates were 13.6% (8/59) and 8.8% (6/68) (P=0.455), the 3-year distal metastasis rates were 11.9% (7/59) and 17.6% (12/68) (P=0.416) and the 3-year survival rates were 79.7% and 80.0% (P=0.998), and the differences were not statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The laparoscopic operation does not increase the recurrence and metastasis rate and results in similar survival in patients with colonic cancer as compared to open procedure.</p>

Expression of FOS protein in glioma and its effect on the growth of human glioma cells / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of FOS protein in human glioma tissues and its effect on tumor growth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FOS protein expression in glioma tissues was determined with immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Subsequently, 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, transwell invasion and Western blotting were used to assay U87 and U251 cells with reduced FOS expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of FOS in glioma was increased and strongly correlated with its pathological grade. Abrogating expression of FOS has suppressed proliferation and invasion, and delayed cell cycle at G1 phrase for both U87 and U251 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of FOS protein in human glioma was strong. FOS protein probably plays a critical role in the progression of gliomas.</p>

Effects of sevoflurane pretreatment on inflammatory response in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane pretreatment on the inflammatory response in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the mechanism of myocardial protection.Methods Twenty NYHA class Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged ＜ 60 yr,undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=10 each): sevoflurane group (group S) and control group (group C).The patients were premedicated with intramuscular morphine 0.1 mg/kg and scopolamine 0.3 mg.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.05-0.08 mg/kg,fentanyl 10-15 μg/kg and pipecuronium 0.08-0.10 mg/kg.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with intermittent iv boluses of midazolam0.03-0.06 mg/kg,fentanyl 5-10μg/kg and pipecuronium 0.04-0.08 mg/kg.Sevoflurane was inhaled before aortic clamping and the end-tidal concentration was rapidly adjusted to 1.0％ and maintained at this level for 30 min in group S.Blood samples were taken from the central vein before skin incision,immediately after aortic clamping,immediately after aortic unclamping and at 30 min after aortic unclamping,at 2,6,12 and 24 h (T1-8) after operation for determination of the concentrations of plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL) and interleukin-8 (IL-8),intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1),cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and activity of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB).The requirement for cardiovascular drugs was recorded after release of aortic cross clamp.Results Compared with group C,the plasma concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly decreased at T3-8,the plasma concentrations of ICAM-1 and cTnl were significantly decreased at T4-8,the activity of plasma CK-MB was significantly decreased at T8,and the requirement for cardiovascular drugs was significantly reduced after release of aortic cross clamp in group S (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane pretreatment can inhibit the inflammatory response and provide myocardial protection to some extent in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Effects of sevoflurane pretreatment on myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane pretreatment on the myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Twenty NYHA class Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged ＜ 60 yr,undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =10 each):sevoflurane group (group S) and control group (group C).The patients were premeditated with intramuscular morphine and scopolamine.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.05-0.08 mg/kg,fentanyl 10-15 μg/kg and pipecuronium 0.08-0.10 mg/kg.Anesthesia was maintained with intermittent iv boluses of midazolam,fentanyl and pipecuronium and in addition sevoflurane was inhaled before aortic clamping and the end-tidal concentration was rapidly increased to 1.0％ and maintained at the level for 5 min in group S.Blood samples were taken from the central vein before skin incision (T1),immediately after aortic clamping (T2 ),at 0 and 30 min after aortic unclamping (T3-4),and at 2,6,12 and 24 h after operation (T5-8) for determination of the concentration of serum cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) and activities of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB).Myocardial specimens were taken from right auricle before aortic clamping and at 10 min after aortic unclamping for electron microscopic examination.Results The concentration of serum cTnI and activities of CK and CK-MB were significantly increased at T4-8 in both groups ( P ＜ 0.05).The serum cTnI concentration at T4-8 and the activities of CK and CK-MB at T8 were significantly lower in group S than in group C ( P ＜0.05).Different degrees of mitochondrial swelling were observed after aortic unclamping in both groups,but the changes were milder in group S than in group C.Conclusion Sevoflurane pretreatment can attenuate the myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Inhibitive effect of SEB-scFv fusion protein on gastric cancer / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the antitumor effect of SEB-scFv fusion Drotein on gastric cancer. Methods Typical changes of morphologic features and super-microstructure were observed when SEB-scFv fusion protein was used in SGC7901 cens;and the effects of SEB-scFv and its concentration on the cell growth were examined by methyltetrazolium(MTT)assay;DNA ladder and flow cytometry were employed respectively to detect the inhibition phenomenon or apoptosis.We produced a subcutaneous gastric tumor model in baby SD rats by implanting SGC7901 cells.The SEB and SEB-scFv were injeeted to the vena caudalis in the trial groups,and normal saline to the control group.The weight of the tumor and the survival were recorded after treatment. Results Cell inhibitory rate was increased along with increased concentration of SEB-scFv fusion protein.Electron microscopy revealed that the cell presented typical changes of apoptosis.FCM indicated that the apoptotic rate of SGC7901 cell lines significantly increased with increasing dose of SEB-scFv fusion protein,and agarose gel electrophoresis appeared marked DNA ladder.The average weight of tumor in the SEB-scFv group was lower than that in control groups(P＜0.05).The tumor inhibition rate was 61.3%,and the mean survival period of rats in SEB-scFv group was longer than that of other group(P＜0.05)with a survival prolongation rate of 54.6%. Conclusion The resuhs indicate that SEB-scFv fusion protein has an obvious antitumor effect on gastric cancer.

The long-term effects of retrograde liberated highly selective vagotomy in treatment of duodenal ulcer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term effects of retrograde liberated highly selective vagotomy (RLHSV) in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy patients with duodenal ulcers complicated by stenosis, bleeding, or perforation were operated on by retrograde liberated highly selective vagotomy. Among these patients, 61 had perforated duodenal ulcers, 6 bleeding and 3 stenosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Followed up for 30 to 120 months in 65 patients showed a recurrence rate 7.69% and no hemorrhage occurs. According to the modified Visick grading system, 56 patients (86.2%) were of Visick I, 4 (6.1%) of Visick II, 2 (3.0%) Visick III, 3 (4.6%) Visick IV, and (92.3%) Visick I or II.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This modified procedure is rapid, easy and radical operation with excellent long-term results. It can be considered an effective alternative for the treatment of duodenal ulcer with complication.</p>

The Influence of Phorbol Ester on the Effect of Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To investigate the correlation between the activity of kinases in the growth factor signal transduction pathway and the development of resistance of breast cancer to tamoxifen, reporter gene regulated by the regulating fragment of CCD1 was transfected into the MCF-7 cells, and the influence of tamoxifen on the reporter gene expression was examined under different conditions of TPA treatment. Our results showed that the reporter gene expression was inhibited by tamoxifen and promoted by TPA. Furthermore, tamoxifen exerts an agonist effect on the reporter gene expression when the cells was treated by TPA previously for 12 h. It is concluded that TPA could induce estrogen-like effect of tamoxifen on estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells and it may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the development of tamoxifen resistance.

The Influence of Phorbol Ester on the Effect of Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To investigate the correlation between the activity of kinases in the growth factor signal transduction pathway and the development of resistance of breast cancer to tamoxifen, reporter gene regulated by the regulating fragment of CCD1 was transfected into the MCF-7 cells, and the influence of tamoxifen on the reporter gene expression was examined under different conditions of TPA treatment. Our results showed that the reporter gene expression was inhibited by tamoxifen and promoted by TPA. Furthermore, tamoxifen exerts an agonist effect on the reporter gene expression when the cells was treated by TPA previously for 12 h. It is concluded that TPA could induce estrogen-like effect of tamoxifen on estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells and it may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the development of tamoxifen resistance.

Polymorphisms and mutations of EDNRB gene in Hubei provincial patients of Han ethnicity with Hirschsprung disease / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between polymorphisms of EDNRB gene and Hubei provincial patients of Han ethnicity with sporadic Hirschsprung disease(sHD). Methods Peripheral blood samples from 104 patients with sHD and 84 parents of 42 patients, and 120 normal children(as controls) were collected. PCR-SSCP and direct DNA sequencing were used to detect mutations and polymorphisms of exon-4 in EDNRB gene. The differences of allele frequencies and genotype distribution in polymorphic sites were further analyzed between the three groups. Allele frequencies of SNPs in forty-two sHD trios were analyzed by transmission disequilibrium test(TDT), and the association between phenotype of HD and SNPs was analyzed. Results No mutant site was detected and one polymorphic site of c831 G→A(L277L) was observed in Hubei provincial patients of Han ethnicity with sHD. The allele frequency of A(68% vs 53%) and genotype frequency of AA(49% vs 30%) were significantly higher in sHD group than that in control group(P

Evaluation of outcome of laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal carcinoma / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety and short-term outcome of laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer.Methods From August 2001 to November 2004,laparoscopic resection of colorectal carcinoma were performed in 112 cases,including right hemicolectomy(n=23),left himicolectomy(n=7),radical resection of sigmoid cancer(n=15),Dixon procedure(n=49),and Miles procedure(n=18).Results One hundred and five patients underwent laparoscopic resection successfully,7 cases were converted to open surgery because of hemorrhage,obesity or adhesion with adjacent organ,6 of which were left colon or rectal cancer.The mean operating time was(161.2?48.6)min,and the mean operative blood loss was 78.5 mL.There were 8 cases occurred postoperative complications,and no mortality during perioperative period.The length of upper and lower segment of resection for colonic cancer was (14.5?3.2)cm and(11.0?2.6)cm respectively.The length of upper and lower segment of resection for rectal cancer was(15.3?2.7)cm and(2.8?1.6)cm,respectively.The mean number of lymph nodes dissected was(8.2?4.6),and lymph node metastases were found in 49 cases.One hundred and seven cases(95.5%) were followed up for 8-44 months,of which,7 cases had local recurrence and 6 cases had distant metastases.No case of trocar port tumor implantation was observed.Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is feasible and safe,can result in the same outcome as open radical surgery,and has the advantages of mini-invasive procedure.

Expression of NF-?B,ICAM-1 and COX-2 in gastric carcinoma and their clinical significance / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the effect and clinical significance of expression of nuclear factor-?B((NF-?B)),ICAM-1 and COX-2 on the occurrence and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.Methods The(expression) of NF-?B,ICAM-1 and COX-2 in 142 patients with gastric carcinoma was examined by(immunohistochemical) SP technique.The adjacent gastric tissue(30 cases) served as a control group.Results The expression of NF-?B was 62.0% in gastric carcinoma tissue,much higher than that of the control group(P

Construction of short hairpin RNA expression plasmid and its inhibition of survivin expression / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To study the inhibit effect of survivin short hairpin RNA on the survivin mRNA and protein expression of gallbladder carcinoma cells.Methods Human gallbladder carcinoma cells(GBC-SD) were transfected with recombinant plasmid.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the changes in(expression) levels of survivinmRNA and protein.Results The size of the PCR product was 350bp.DNA(sequencing) showed that the sequence of recombinant vector pshRNA-survivin was successfully constructed and suppressed the expression of(GBC-SD) survivinmRNA.Conclusions The recombinant plasmid constructed can inhibit the expression of survivinmRNA in transfected cells.This provides a new method and material for the biological therapy of cancer.

Diagnosis and treatment of visceral pseudoaneurysms of 14 cases / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To sum up our experiences for the diagnosis and treatment of visceral pseudoaneurysms. Methods This study included 14 patients admitted from 1990 to 2000, consisting of 6 hepatic, 5 splenic, 3 gastroduodenal aneurysms. Results Thirteen cases experienced a rupture. Five cases received emergent surgery, which was successful in 2, and fatal in one. Transcatheter embolization was used in 11 cases which was successful in all without complications and recurrence after an average follow up of 2 years. Conclusions Digital substraction angiography has diagnostic value for rupture of visceral pseudoaneurysms. Transcatheter embolization is an effective treatment for the majority of patients with visceral pseudoaneurysms.